SimpleInlineTextAnnotation (npm package)

SimpleInlineTextAnnotation is a JavaScript library designed for working with inline text annotations. It allows you to parse and generate annotated text in a structured and efficient way.

Installation

To install the library, use npm:

npm install @pubann/simple-inline-text-annotation

Usage

Features

• generate: Converts Object data into annotated text.
• parse: Converts annotated text into structured Object data.

parse Method

The parse method takes a string with inline annotations and extracts structured information about the annotations, including the character positions, annotation types, and configuration for entity types.

Example

import SimpleInlineTextAnnotation from 'simple-inline-text-annotation'

const result = SimpleInlineTextAnnotation.parse(`[Elon Musk][Person] is a member of the [PayPal Mafia][Organization].

[Person]: https://example.com/Person
[Organization]: https://example.com/Organization`);
console.log(result);
// Output:
// {
//   "text": "Elon Musk is a member of the PayPal Mafia.",
//   "denotations": [
//     { "span": { "begin": 0, "end": 9 }, "obj": "https://example.com/Person" },
//     { "span": { "begin": 29, "end": 41 }, "obj": "https://example.com/Organization" }
//   ],
//   "config": {
//     "entity types": [
//       { "id": "https://example.com/Person", "label": "Person" },
//       { "id": "https://example.com/Organization", "label": "Organization" }
//     ]
//   }
// }

Explanation

The input string contains inline annotations and references for annotation types:

• [Elon Musk][Person]: The text Elon Musk is annotated as Person with the ID https://example.com/Person.
• [PayPal Mafia][Organization]: The text PayPal Mafia is annotated as Organization with the ID https://example.com/Organization.

The method returns an object with:

• "text": The plain text without annotations.
  • "denotations": An array of objects, where each object contains:
  • "span": The character positions (begin and end) of the annotated text.
• "obj": The annotation type (URL or ID).
• "config": Configuration for entity types, including:
  • "id": The unique identifier for the entity type.
  • "label": The human-readable label for the entity type.

generate Method

The generate method performs the reverse operation of parse. It takes an object containing the plain text, annotations, and configuration, and generates a string with inline annotations and references.

Example

import SimpleInlineTextAnnotation from 'simple-inline-text-annotation'

const input = {
  text: "Elon Musk is a member of the PayPal Mafia.",
  denotations: [
    { span: { begin: 0, end: 9 }, obj: "https://example.com/Person" },
    { span: { begin: 29, end: 41 }, obj: "https://example.com/Organization" }
  ],
  config: {
    "entity types": [
      { id: "https://example.com/Person", label: "Person" },
      { id: "https://example.com/Organization", label: "Organization" }
    ]
  }
};

const result = SimpleInlineTextAnnotation.generate(input);
console.log(result);
// Output:
// [Elon Musk][Person] is a member of the [PayPal Mafia][Organization].
//
// [Person]: https://example.com/Person
// [Organization]: https://example.com/Organization

Explanation

The generate method takes an object with the following structure:

• "text": The plain text to annotate.
• "denotations": An array of objects, where each object specifies:
  • "span": The character positions (begin and end) of the annotated text.
  • "obj": The annotation type (URL or ID).
• "config": Configuration for entity types, including:
  • "id": The unique identifier for the entity type.
  • "label": The human-readable label for the entity type.

Relation Annotation

The SimpleInlineTextAnnotation gem supports advanced relation annotation, allowing you to define relationships between annotated entities. This is achieved by interpreting the second set of square brackets ([]) based on the number of elements it contains.

Parsing Rules

• If the second [] contains 1 element, it is treated as the annotation type (default behavior).
• If the second [] contains 2 elements, the first element is interpreted as the id of the denotation, and the second element as the obj (annotation type).
• If the second [] contains 4 elements, the elements are interpreted as follows:
  1. The first element is the id of the denotation and the subj of the relation.
  2. The second element is the obj (annotation type) of the denotation.
  3. The third element is the pred (predicate) of the relation.
  4. The fourth element is the obj of the relation.
• Any other cases are ignored.

Example

import SimpleInlineTextAnnotation from 'simple-inline-text-annotation'

const result = SimpleInlineTextAnnotation.parse("[Elon Musk][T1, Person, member_of, T2] is a member of the [PayPal Mafia][T2, Organization].");
console.log(result);

// Output:
// {
//   "text": "Elon Musk is a member of the PayPal Mafia.",
//   "denotations": [
//     { "id": "T1", "span": { "begin": 0, "end": 9 }, "obj": "Person" },
//     { "id": "T2", "span": { "begin": 29, "end": 41 }, "obj": "Organization" }
//   ],
//   "relations": [
//     { "pred": "member_of", "subj": "T1", "obj": "T2" },
//   ]
// }

Explanation

• The input string [Elon Musk][T1, Person, member_of, T2] is a member of the [PayPal Mafia][T2, Organization]. contains:

  1. Two denotations:
     • [Elon Musk][T1, Person, member_of, T2]: The text Elon Musk is annotated as Person with id T1. It also serves as the subj of the relation.
     • [PayPal Mafia][T2, Organization]: The text PayPal Mafia is annotated as Organization with id T2.
  2. One relation:
     • member_of: Indicates that T1 (Elon Musk) is a member of T2 (PayPal Mafia).

• The method returns a hash with:

  • "text": The plain text without annotations.
  • "denotations": An array of hashes, where each hash contains:
    • "id": The unique identifier of the denotation.
    • "span": The character positions (begin and end) of the annotated text.
    • "obj": The annotation type.
  • "relations": An array of hashes, where each hash contains:
    • "pred": The predicate or type of the relation.
    • "subj": The id of the subject denotation.
    • "obj": The id of the object denotation.

Generating Relation Annotation

The generate method can also create strings with relation annotations from structured data.

import SimpleInlineTextAnnotation from 'simple-inline-text-annotation'

const input = {
  text: "Elon Musk is a member of the PayPal Mafia.",
  denotations: [
    { span: { begin: 0, end: 9 }, obj: "Person" },
    { span: { begin: 29, end: 41 }, obj: "Organization" }
  ],
  relations:[
    { pred: "member_of", subj: "T1", obj: "T2"}
  ]
};

const result = SimpleInlineTextAnnotation.generate(input);
console.log(result);
// Output:
// [Elon Musk][T1, Person, member_of, T2] is a member of the [PayPal Mafia][T2, Organization].

Explanation

• The input object includes:
  • "text": The plain text.
  • "denotations": An array of annotations with id, span, and obj.
  • "relations": An array of relationships, where:
    • "subj" and "obj" reference ids in the denotations array.
    • "pred" specifies the relationship type.
• The method generates a string with inline annotations and relationships.