@wcstack/ai

@wcstack/ai is a headless AI inference component for the wcstack ecosystem.

It is not a visual UI widget. It is an I/O node that connects LLM inference to reactive state — with first-class streaming support.

With @wcstack/state, <wcs-ai> can be bound directly through path contracts:

• input / command surface: prompt, trigger, model, provider
• output state surface: content, messages, usage, loading, streaming, error

This means chat UIs and AI-powered features can be expressed declaratively in HTML, without writing fetch calls, SSE parsing, token management, or streaming glue code in your UI layer.

@wcstack/ai follows the HAWC architecture:

• Core (AiCore) handles provider abstraction, streaming, and conversation state
• Shell (<wcs-ai>) connects that state to the DOM
• frameworks and binding systems consume it through wc-bindable-protocol

Zero runtime dependencies. All providers are implemented with fetch + ReadableStream + SSE parsing — no SDK required.

Why this exists

Building a chat UI requires significant plumbing: HTTP requests to provider APIs, SSE stream parsing, content accumulation, token tracking, conversation history management, and abort handling.

@wcstack/ai moves all of that into a reusable component and exposes the result as bindable state.

With @wcstack/state, the flow becomes:

1. user writes prompt
2. trigger fires
3. <wcs-ai> streams the response — content updates on every chunk
4. UI binds to content with data-wcs — DOM updates automatically at ~60fps
5. on completion, messages includes the full exchange

This turns LLM inference into state transitions, not imperative UI code.

Install

npm install @wcstack/ai

No peer dependencies required.

Supported Providers

| Provider | provider value | Default base URL | |----------|-----------------|------------------| | OpenAI | "openai" | https://api.openai.com | | Anthropic | "anthropic" | https://api.anthropic.com | | Azure OpenAI | "azure-openai" | (required via base-url) |

OpenAI-compatible APIs (Ollama, vLLM, LiteLLM, etc.) work with provider="openai" and a custom base-url.

Quick Start

1. Streaming chat with state binding

When trigger fires, <wcs-ai> sends the prompt and streams the response. content updates on every chunk, and @wcstack/state binds it to the DOM automatically.

<script type="module" src="https://esm.run/@wcstack/state/auto"></script>
<script type="module" src="https://esm.run/@wcstack/ai/auto"></script>

<wcs-state>
  <script type="module">
    export default {
      userInput: "",
      assistantText: "",
      chatHistory: [],
      isLoading: false,
      sendTrigger: false,

      send() {
        this.sendTrigger = true;
      },
    };
  </script>

  <wcs-ai
    id="chat"
    provider="openai"
    model="gpt-4o"
    base-url="/api/ai"
    data-wcs="
      prompt: userInput;
      trigger: sendTrigger;
      content: assistantText;
      messages: chatHistory;
      loading: isLoading
    ">
    <wcs-ai-message role="system">You are a helpful assistant.</wcs-ai-message>
  </wcs-ai>

  <div class="chat">
    <template data-wcs="for: chatHistory">
      <div data-wcs="class: chatHistory.*.role; textContent: chatHistory.*.content"></div>
    </template>
    <template data-wcs="if: isLoading">
      <div class="assistant" data-wcs="textContent: assistantText"></div>
    </template>
  </div>

  <input data-wcs="value: userInput" placeholder="Type a message...">
  <button data-wcs="onclick: send">Send</button>
</wcs-state>

During streaming, assistantText updates on every chunk (~60fps via rAF batching), and the binding system reflects it to the DOM in real-time.

2. Non-streaming request

Add no-stream to disable streaming and receive the complete response at once:

<wcs-ai
  provider="openai"
  model="gpt-4o"
  base-url="/api/ai"
  no-stream
  data-wcs="prompt: userInput; trigger: sendTrigger; content: result">
</wcs-ai>

3. Anthropic provider

<wcs-ai
  provider="anthropic"
  model="claude-sonnet-4-20250514"
  base-url="/api/anthropic"
  max-tokens="4096"
  data-wcs="prompt: userInput; trigger: sendTrigger; content: assistantText">
  <wcs-ai-message role="system">You are a concise coding assistant.</wcs-ai-message>
</wcs-ai>

Anthropic's system message format is handled automatically — the provider extracts system messages and places them in the top-level system field.

4. Azure OpenAI

<wcs-ai
  provider="azure-openai"
  model="gpt-4o"
  base-url="https://myresource.openai.azure.com"
  api-key="your-azure-key"
  api-version="2024-02-01"
  data-wcs="prompt: userInput; trigger: sendTrigger; content: assistantText">
</wcs-ai>

The URL is constructed as {base-url}/openai/deployments/{model}/chat/completions?api-version={api-version}.

5. Local model via Ollama

<wcs-ai
  provider="openai"
  model="llama3"
  base-url="http://localhost:11434"
  data-wcs="prompt: userInput; trigger: sendTrigger; content: assistantText">
</wcs-ai>

Any OpenAI-compatible API works by setting base-url.

6. Authenticated requests via backend proxy

<wcs-ai> sends requests to base-url using the browser's standard fetch. If your backend proxy uses cookie/session-based authentication, the browser includes credentials automatically:

<wcs-ai
  provider="openai"
  model="gpt-4o"
  base-url="/api/ai"
  data-wcs="prompt: userInput; trigger: sendTrigger; content: assistantText">
</wcs-ai>

The backend proxy at /api/ai validates the user's session and forwards the request to the AI provider with the server-side API key. This is the recommended production pattern — no API key in the browser, no custom auth header injection needed.

State Surface vs Command Surface

<wcs-ai> exposes two different kinds of properties.

Output state (bindable async state)

These properties represent the current inference state and are the main HAWC surface:

| Property | Type | Description | |----------|------|-------------| | content | string | Current response text. Updates on every streaming chunk (~60fps via rAF batching) | | messages | AiMessage[] | Full conversation history (user + assistant). Updated on send and completion | | usage | AiUsage \| null | Token usage { promptTokens, completionTokens, totalTokens } | | loading | boolean | true from send to completion or error | | streaming | boolean | true from first chunk to stream completion | | error | AiHttpError \| Error \| null | Error info |

Input / command surface

These properties control inference execution:

| Property | Type | Description | |----------|------|-------------| | provider | "openai" \| "anthropic" \| "azure-openai" | Provider selection | | model | string | Model name (or Azure deployment name) | | base-url | string | API endpoint (for proxies, local models, Azure) | | api-key | string | API key (development only — use a backend proxy in production) | | system | string | System message (shortcut, attribute) | | prompt | string | User input text (JS property) | | trigger | boolean | One-way send trigger | | no-stream | boolean | Disable streaming | | temperature | number | Generation temperature | | max-tokens | number | Maximum output tokens |

Architecture

@wcstack/ai follows the HAWC architecture.

Core: AiCore

AiCore is a pure EventTarget class. It contains:

• provider-agnostic HTTP execution
• SSE stream parsing and content accumulation
• rAF-batched content event emission (~60fps)
• conversation history management
• abort control
• wc-bindable-protocol declaration

Shell: <wcs-ai>

<wcs-ai> is a thin HTMLElement wrapper around AiCore. It adds:

• attribute / property mapping
• DOM lifecycle integration
• child element collection (<wcs-ai-message>)
• declarative execution helpers such as trigger

Providers

Providers implement the IAiProvider interface, translating between the unified internal format and each API's specific request/response shapes:

interface IAiProvider {
  buildRequest(messages, options): { url, headers, body };
  parseResponse(data): { content, usage? };
  parseStreamChunk(event, data): { delta?, usage?, done } | null;
}

AzureOpenAiProvider extends OpenAiProvider, overriding only buildRequest for Azure-specific URL and header construction.

Target injection

The Core dispatches events directly on the Shell via target injection, so no event re-dispatch is needed.

Streaming pipeline

fetch → ReadableStream → TextDecoder → SseParser → Provider.parseStreamChunk
                                                          ↓
                                               content accumulation
                                                          ↓
                                              rAF batching (~60fps)
                                                          ↓
                                         wcs-ai:content-changed event
                                                          ↓
                                          @wcstack/state DOM binding

Headless Usage (Core only)

AiCore can be used without the Shell element:

import { AiCore } from "@wcstack/ai";
import { bind } from "@wc-bindable/core";

const core = new AiCore();
core.provider = "openai";

const unbind = bind(core, (name, value) => {
  if (name === "content") process.stdout.write(value);
});

await core.send("Explain quantum computing in one paragraph.", {
  model: "gpt-4o",
  baseUrl: "/api/ai",
});

console.log("\n---");
console.log("Tokens:", core.usage);
console.log("History:", core.messages);

unbind();

Custom provider

import { AiCore } from "@wcstack/ai";

const core = new AiCore();
core.provider = {
  buildRequest(messages, options) {
    return {
      url: `${options.baseUrl}/v1/generate`,
      headers: { "Content-Type": "application/json" },
      body: JSON.stringify({ prompt: messages.at(-1)?.content, model: options.model }),
    };
  },
  parseResponse(data) {
    return { content: data.text };
  },
  parseStreamChunk(_event, data) {
    if (data === "[DONE]") return { done: true };
    try {
      const parsed = JSON.parse(data);
      return { delta: parsed.token, done: false };
    } catch { return null; }
  },
};

Conversation History

AiCore owns the conversation history. Each send() call:

1. appends { role: "user", content: prompt } to messages
2. on success, appends { role: "assistant", content } to messages
3. on error, removes the user message (keeps history clean for retry)

Read and write the history via the messages property:

const aiEl = document.querySelector("wcs-ai");

// Read history
console.log(aiEl.messages);

// Clear history
aiEl.messages = [];

// Restore from saved state
aiEl.messages = savedMessages;

Abort

Like <wcs-fetch>, in-flight requests can be aborted:

const aiEl = document.querySelector("wcs-ai");
aiEl.abort(); // Cancels streaming or pending request

A new send() call automatically aborts any previous request.

Programmatic Usage

const aiEl = document.querySelector("wcs-ai");

// Set prompt and send
aiEl.prompt = "What is the meaning of life?";
const result = await aiEl.send();

console.log(result);          // Complete response text
console.log(aiEl.content);    // Same as result
console.log(aiEl.messages);   // Conversation history
console.log(aiEl.usage);      // { promptTokens, completionTokens, totalTokens }
console.log(aiEl.loading);    // false
console.log(aiEl.streaming);  // false

Optional DOM Triggering

If autoTrigger is enabled (default), clicking an element with data-aitarget triggers the corresponding <wcs-ai> element's send():

<button data-aitarget="chat">Send</button>
<wcs-ai id="chat" provider="openai" model="gpt-4o" base-url="/api/ai"></wcs-ai>

Event delegation is used — works with dynamically added elements.

This is a convenience feature. In wcstack applications, state-driven triggering via trigger is usually the primary pattern.

Elements

<wcs-ai>

| Attribute | Type | Default | Description | |-----------|------|---------|-------------| | provider | string | — | "openai", "anthropic", or "azure-openai" | | model | string | — | Model name or Azure deployment name | | base-url | string | — | API endpoint URL | | api-key | string | — | API key (development only) | | system | string | — | System message (shortcut) | | no-stream | boolean | false | Disable streaming | | temperature | number | — | Generation temperature | | max-tokens | number | — | Maximum output tokens | | api-version | string | 2024-02-01 | Azure OpenAI API version |

| Property | Type | Description | |----------|------|-------------| | content | string | Current response (streams in real-time) | | messages | AiMessage[] | Conversation history (read/write) | | usage | AiUsage \| null | Token usage | | loading | boolean | true while request is active | | streaming | boolean | true while receiving chunks | | error | AiHttpError \| Error \| null | Error info | | prompt | string | User input text | | trigger | boolean | Set to true to send |

| Method | Description | |--------|-------------| | send() | Send the current prompt | | abort() | Cancel the in-flight request |

<wcs-ai-message>

Defines an initial message. Place it as a child of <wcs-ai>.

| Attribute | Type | Default | Description | |-----------|------|---------|-------------| | role | string | system | Message role |

The message content is taken from the element's text content. Shadow DOM suppresses rendering.

<wcs-ai provider="openai" model="gpt-4o" base-url="/api/ai">
  <wcs-ai-message role="system">
    You are a helpful coding assistant.
    Always provide TypeScript examples.
  </wcs-ai-message>
</wcs-ai>

wc-bindable-protocol

Both AiCore and <wcs-ai> declare wc-bindable-protocol compliance.

Core (AiCore)

static wcBindable = {
  protocol: "wc-bindable",
  version: 1,
  properties: [
    { name: "content",   event: "wcs-ai:content-changed" },
    { name: "messages",  event: "wcs-ai:messages-changed" },
    { name: "usage",     event: "wcs-ai:usage-changed" },
    { name: "loading",   event: "wcs-ai:loading-changed" },
    { name: "streaming", event: "wcs-ai:streaming-changed" },
    { name: "error",     event: "wcs-ai:error" },
  ],
};

Shell (<wcs-ai>)

static wcBindable = {
  ...AiCore.wcBindable,
  properties: [
    ...AiCore.wcBindable.properties,
    { name: "trigger", event: "wcs-ai:trigger-changed" },
  ],
};

TypeScript Types

import type {
  IAiProvider, AiMessage, AiUsage, AiRequestOptions,
  AiProviderRequest, AiStreamChunkResult,
  AiHttpError, WcsAiCoreValues, WcsAiValues
} from "@wcstack/ai";

interface AiMessage {
  role: "system" | "user" | "assistant";
  content: string;
}

interface AiUsage {
  promptTokens: number;
  completionTokens: number;
  totalTokens: number;
}

interface AiHttpError {
  status: number;
  statusText: string;
  body: string;
}

interface WcsAiCoreValues {
  content: string;
  messages: AiMessage[];
  usage: AiUsage | null;
  loading: boolean;
  streaming: boolean;
  error: AiHttpError | Error | null;
}

interface WcsAiValues extends WcsAiCoreValues {
  trigger: boolean;
}

Provider Details

OpenAI

• Endpoint: {base-url}/v1/chat/completions
• Auth: Authorization: Bearer {api-key}
• Streaming: SSE with data: {"choices":[{"delta":{"content":"..."}}]} and data: [DONE]
• Usage: stream_options: { include_usage: true } requests usage in the final chunk

Anthropic

• Endpoint: {base-url}/v1/messages
• Auth: x-api-key: {api-key}, anthropic-version: 2023-06-01
• System: extracted from messages and placed in top-level system field
• Streaming: SSE with event types (content_block_delta, message_start, message_delta, message_stop)
• Usage: input_tokens from message_start, output_tokens from message_delta — merged by Core
• Default max_tokens: 4096

Azure OpenAI

• Endpoint: {base-url}/openai/deployments/{model}/chat/completions?api-version={api-version}
• Auth: api-key: {api-key}
• Request/response format: same as OpenAI (inherits parseResponse and parseStreamChunk)

Why this works well with @wcstack/state

@wcstack/state uses path strings as the only contract between UI and state. <wcs-ai> fits this model naturally:

• state holds prompt and trigger
• <wcs-ai> streams the response
• content updates reactively on every chunk — the binding system reflects it to the DOM
• messages accumulates the conversation — for: templates render the history

The streaming story is where this integration shines: content fires wcs-ai:content-changed at ~60fps (rAF-batched), and @wcstack/state's binding updates the DOM on each event. This gives a real-time typing effect with zero JS in the UI layer.

Framework Integration

Since <wcs-ai> is HAWC + wc-bindable-protocol, it works with any framework through thin adapters from @wc-bindable/*.

React

import { useWcBindable } from "@wc-bindable/react";
import type { WcsAiValues } from "@wcstack/ai";

function Chat() {
  const [ref, { content, messages, loading, streaming }] =
    useWcBindable<HTMLElement, WcsAiValues>();

  return (
    <>
      <wcs-ai ref={ref} provider="openai" model="gpt-4o" base-url="/api/ai" />
      <ul>
        {messages?.map((m, i) => (
          <li key={i} className={m.role}>{m.content}</li>
        ))}
        {streaming && <li className="assistant">{content}</li>}
      </ul>
    </>
  );
}

Vue

<script setup lang="ts">
import { useWcBindable } from "@wc-bindable/vue";
import type { WcsAiValues } from "@wcstack/ai";

const { ref, values } = useWcBindable<HTMLElement, WcsAiValues>();
</script>

<template>
  <wcs-ai :ref="ref" provider="openai" model="gpt-4o" base-url="/api/ai" />
  <ul>
    <li v-for="(m, i) in values.messages" :key="i" :class="m.role">{{ m.content }}</li>
    <li v-if="values.streaming" class="assistant">{{ values.content }}</li>
  </ul>
</template>

Svelte

<script>
import { wcBindable } from "@wc-bindable/svelte";

let content = $state("");
let messages = $state([]);
let streaming = $state(false);
</script>

<wcs-ai provider="openai" model="gpt-4o" base-url="/api/ai"
  use:wcBindable={{ onUpdate: (name, v) => {
    if (name === "content") content = v;
    if (name === "messages") messages = v;
    if (name === "streaming") streaming = v;
  }}} />

<ul>
  {#each messages as m, i (i)}
    <li class={m.role}>{m.content}</li>
  {/each}
  {#if streaming}
    <li class="assistant">{content}</li>
  {/if}
</ul>

Vanilla — bind() directly

import { bind } from "@wc-bindable/core";

const aiEl = document.querySelector("wcs-ai");

bind(aiEl, (name, value) => {
  if (name === "content") {
    document.getElementById("response").textContent = value;
  }
});

Configuration

import { bootstrapAi } from "@wcstack/ai";

bootstrapAi({
  autoTrigger: true,
  triggerAttribute: "data-aitarget",
  tagNames: {
    ai: "wcs-ai",
    aiMessage: "wcs-ai-message",
  },
});

Security

⚠ The api-key attribute is exposed in the DOM and is intended for development and prototyping only. In production, use base-url to point to a backend proxy that handles authentication server-side.

<!-- Development -->
<wcs-ai provider="openai" model="gpt-4o" api-key="sk-..." />

<!-- Production (recommended) -->
<wcs-ai provider="openai" model="gpt-4o" base-url="/api/ai" />

Design Notes

• content, messages, usage, loading, streaming, and error are output state
• prompt, trigger, provider, model are input / command surface
• trigger is intentionally one-way: writing true executes send, reset emits completion
• content updates are batched via requestAnimationFrame — each rAF cycle emits at most one wcs-ai:content-changed event, limiting DOM updates to ~60fps even under high-throughput streaming
• on error, the user message is removed from history to keep it clean for retry
• a new send() automatically aborts any in-flight request (same as <wcs-fetch> URL change behavior)
• messages is both readable (output state) and writable (for history reset/restore)
• system attribute takes priority over <wcs-ai-message role="system">
• Anthropic's max_tokens defaults to 4096 if not specified
• zero runtime dependencies — all providers use fetch + ReadableStream + SSE parsing directly

License

MIT