kitsunejs

Rust-inspired Result and Option types for TypeScript, enabling type-safe error handling and null safety.

Features

• 🦀 Rust-like API: Familiar Result<T, E> and Option<T> types with methods like map, andThen, unwrap, etc.
• 🔒 Type-safe: Full TypeScript support with proper type inference and narrowing
• 🌳 Tree-shakeable: Fully ESM-ready with optional CJS support
• 📦 Zero dependencies: Lightweight and self-contained
• ⚡ Async-ready: Built-in support for Promise with Result.tryAsync

Installation

⚠️ This package is currently under development (v0.0.0) and not yet published to npm.

# npm
npm install kitsunejs

# pnpm
pnpm add kitsunejs

# yarn
yarn add kitsunejs

Usage

Result Type

The Result<T, E> type represents either success (Ok<T>) or failure (Err<E>).

Basic Usage

import { Result } from 'kitsunejs';

// Creating Results
const success = Result.ok(42);
const failure = Result.err('Something went wrong');

// Checking variants
if (success.isOk()) {
  console.log(success.unwrap()); // 42
}

if (failure.isErr()) {
  console.log(failure.unwrapOr(0)); // 0 (default value)
}

Error Handling with try/tryAsync

import { Result } from 'kitsunejs';

// Sync: Convert exceptions to Result
const result = Result.try(() => {
  return JSON.parse('{"name": "Alice"}');
});

// Async: Handle Promise rejections
type User = {
  id: number;
  name: string;
}

async function fetchUser(id: number): Promise<Result<User, Error>> {
  return Result.tryAsync(async () => {
    const response = await fetch(`https://api.example.com/users/${id}`);
    if (!response.ok) {
      throw new Error(`HTTP ${response.status}`);
    }
    return (await response.json()) as User;
  });
}

async function main() {
  const userResult = await fetchUser(1);

  if (userResult.isOk()) {
    console.log('User:', userResult.unwrap());
  } else {
    console.error('Failed to fetch user:', userResult.unwrapErr());
    // Provide fallback value
    const defaultUser = { id: 0, name: 'Unknown' };
    console.log('Using default user:', defaultUser);
  }
}

main();

Chaining Operations

import { Result } from 'kitsunejs';

type User = {
  name: string;
  age: number;
}

function findUser(id: number): Result<User, string> {
  if (id === 1) {
    return Result.ok({ name: 'Alice', age: 30 });
  }
  return Result.err('User not found');
}

// Transform success values with map
const userName = findUser(1)
  .map((user) => user.name)
  .unwrapOr('Unknown');

console.log(userName); // 'Alice'

// Chain multiple Result-returning operations
function getAge(user: User): Result<number, string> {
  if (user.age < 0) {
    return Result.err('Invalid age');
  }
  return Result.ok(user.age);
}

const age = findUser(1)
  .andThen((user) => getAge(user))
  .unwrapOr(0);

Combining Multiple Results

import { Result } from 'kitsunejs';

const results = [
  Result.ok(1),
  Result.ok(2),
  Result.ok(3),
];

// All must be Ok to get Ok<T[]>
const allOk = Result.all(results);
console.log(allOk.unwrap()); // [1, 2, 3]

// Get the first Ok, or Err<E[]> if all fail
const firstOk = Result.any([
  Result.err('error1'),
  Result.ok(42),
  Result.err('error2'),
]);
console.log(firstOk.unwrap()); // 42

// All Err case returns Err<E[]>
const allErr = Result.any([
  Result.err('error1'),
  Result.err('error2'),
  Result.err('error3'),
]);
if (allErr.isErr()) {
  console.log(allErr.unwrapOrElse((errors) => errors)); // ['error1', 'error2', 'error3']
}

Option Type

The Option<T> type represents an optional value: either Some<T> or None.

Basic Usage

import { Option } from 'kitsunejs';

// Creating Options
const some = Option.some(42);
const none = Option.none();

// Checking variants
if (some.isSome()) {
  console.log(some.unwrap()); // 42
}

if (none.isNone()) {
  console.log('No value');
}

// Safe handling of null/undefined
function getConfig(key: string): string | null {
  // Simulated config lookup
  return null;
}

const config = Option.fromNullable(getConfig('api_key'))
  .unwrapOr('default-api-key');

console.log(config); // 'default-api-key'

Chaining Operations

import { Option } from 'kitsunejs';

// Transform values with map
const doubled = Option.some(10)
  .map((n) => n * 2)
  .unwrapOr(0);

console.log(doubled); // 20

// Filter values based on predicates
const filtered = Option.some(10)
  .filter((n) => n > 15)
  .unwrapOr(0);

console.log(filtered); // 0 (filtered out)

// Chain Option-returning operations
function parseNumber(str: string): Option<number> {
  const num = Number.parseFloat(str);
  if (Number.isNaN(num)) {
    return Option.none();
  }
  return Option.some(num);
}

const result = Option.some('42.5')
  .andThen((str) => parseNumber(str))
  .map((num) => num * 2)
  .unwrapOr(0);

console.log(result); // 85

Converting Between Result and Option

import { Result, Option } from 'kitsunejs';

// Option to Result
const option = Option.some(42);
const result = option.toResult('No value provided');
console.log(result.unwrap()); // 42

// Result to Option
const okResult = Result.ok(42);
const optionFromResult = okResult.toOption();
console.log(optionFromResult.unwrap()); // 42

const errResult = Result.err('error');
const noneFromErr = errResult.toOption();
console.log(noneFromErr.isNone()); // true

Combining Multiple Options

import { Option } from 'kitsunejs';

const options = [
  Option.some(1),
  Option.some(2),
  Option.some(3),
];

// All must be Some to get Some<T[]>
const allSome = Option.all(options);
console.log(allSome.unwrap()); // [1, 2, 3]

// Get the first Some, or None if all are None
const firstSome = Option.any([
  Option.none(),
  Option.some(42),
  Option.none(),
]);
console.log(firstSome.unwrap()); // 42

Documentation

For more detailed information, please refer to the following documentation:

• API Reference - Complete list of all methods with detailed explanations and examples
• Rust Comparison - Comparison table between Rust's Result/Option and kitsune
• Recipes - Practical usage patterns and best practices for common scenarios

Contributing

We welcome contributions! Please see our Contributing Guide for details on:

• How to set up your development environment
• Our coding standards and Style Guide
• How to submit pull requests
• Our commit message conventions

Quick API Reference

Below is a quick reference of available methods. For detailed documentation with examples, see API Reference.

Result<T, E> Methods

• isOk(), isErr() - Type guards
• unwrap(), expect(message) - Extract values (throws on error)
• unwrapErr() - Extract error value (throws on Ok)
• unwrapOr(defaultValue), unwrapOrElse(fn) - Safe extraction with fallback
• map(fn), mapErr(fn) - Transform values
• and(other), or(other) - Combine Results
• andThen(fn), orElse(fn) - Chain operations
• toOption() - Convert to Option

Result Static Methods

• Result.ok(value), Result.err(error) - Constructors
• Result.fromNullable(value, error) - Convert nullable to Result
• Result.try(fn), Result.tryAsync(fn) - Exception handling
• Result.all(results) - All must be Ok to return Ok<T[]>, otherwise returns the first Err
• Result.any(results) - Returns the first Ok, or Err<E[]> containing all errors if none succeed

Option Methods

• isSome(), isNone() - Type guards
• unwrap(), expect(message) - Extract values (throws on None)
• unwrapOr(defaultValue), unwrapOrElse(fn) - Safe extraction with fallback
• map(fn) - Transform values
• and(other), or(other) - Combine Options
• andThen(fn) - Chain operations
• filter(predicate) - Filter values
• toResult(error) - Convert to Result

Option Static Methods

• Option.some(value), Option.none() - Constructors
• Option.fromNullable(value) - Convert nullable to Option
• Option.all(options) - All must be Some to return Some<T[]>, otherwise returns None
• Option.any(options) - Returns the first Some, or None if all are None

License

MIT © @tr-yasuda