mcpgrade

Lighthouse for MCP servers. Your server can be 100% spec-compliant and still fail agents — vague descriptions, token-bloated schemas, confusable tool names. mcpgrade scores what compliance checkers can't: whether an LLM can actually use your tools.

npx mcpgrade https://your-server.example.com/mcp   # streamable HTTP
npx mcpgrade --stdio "node ./my-server.js"          # local stdio server
npx mcpgrade --snapshot tools.json                  # saved tools/list output

npx mcpgrade https://mcp-us.example.com/mcp/streamable \
  --header "Authorization: Bearer $TOKEN"           # authenticated remote server

Zero config. No API key. Report in seconds.

What it checks

| Category | Weight | Examples | |---|---|---| | Descriptions | 30% | missing/too-short descriptions, undocumented params, placeholder text, duplicate descriptions | | Schema design | 30% | missing types, no required array, additionalProperties: true, prose-instead-of-enum, deep nesting | | Naming | 15% | confusable names (get_user vs get_users), generic verbs (process), mixed conventions | | Token cost | 15% | catalog total budget, per-tool budget — agents pay your schema on every request | | Consistency | 10% | catalog-wide uniformity; with --probe, live checks that error messages help the model self-correct |

Every finding comes with a concrete fix. Scores are density-normalized: 3 broken tools out of 3 is an F; 3 out of 30 is a dent.

Example

mcpgrade — agent usability report
target: examples/bad-server.json · 4 tools

  F   37/100

  Descriptions   ░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░   0
  Naming         ███████████░░░░░░░░░  55
  Schema design  ███░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░  13
  Token cost     ████████████████████ 100
  Consistency    ████████████████████ 100

  findings: 6 errors · 10 warnings · 2 info

  Descriptions
    ✖ D002 [get_user] Description of "get_user" is only 12 chars ("Gets a user.").
      ↳ Expand to at least one full sentence: what it does, when to use it, what it returns.
    ...

MCP server mode

mcpgrade also runs as an MCP server, so an agent can grade other servers on your behalf:

claude mcp add mcpgrade -- npx -y mcpgrade serve

Or add it manually:

{
  "mcpServers": {
    "mcpgrade": { "command": "npx", "args": ["-y", "mcpgrade", "serve"] }
  }
}

Three tools, deliberately: grade_mcp_server, explain_rule, list_grading_rules.

Security. In serve mode the target string is chosen by a model, so local launch commands are restricted to an allowlist (npx, node, python, python3, uv, uvx, deno, bun, docker). URLs and .json snapshots are always allowed. The CLI has no such restriction.

Dogfooding. The serve catalog is graded by mcpgrade in CI and must score an A with zero errors (test/serve.test.ts) — if a change drops the grade, the fix is the catalog, not the threshold. Current self-score:

  A   96/100        3 tools · 0 errors · 1 warning

The one warning is a rule I disagree with on this catalog: S005 flags target for describing a fixed value set in prose without an enum. The prose lists permitted command prefixes for an otherwise free-form string, so an enum is not expressible. Left in place rather than suppressed — the ruleset is opinionated by design, and disagreements belong in the open (#10).

Authenticated remote servers

Most hosted MCP servers require a bearer token. Pass headers with --header (repeatable), or set MCPGRADE_HEADERS="Authorization: Bearer …; X-Tenant: acme":

npx mcpgrade https://your-host/mcp --header "Authorization: Bearer $TOKEN"

Streamable HTTP is tried first, with an automatic SSE fallback for servers on the older transport. mcpgrade only calls tools/list — it never invokes a tool unless you pass --probe.

Header values are treated as secrets: they go to the transport and nowhere else — not the report, not --json output, not the eval envFingerprint. MCP serve mode accepts no headers at all, since there the target is chosen by a model and a model has no business handing out credentials.

CI

mcpgrade <target> --json                # machine-readable
mcpgrade <target> --fail-on error       # exit 1 on errors — gate your PRs
mcpgrade <target> --disable S008,N001   # tune rules
mcpgrade rules                          # list all rules

Why

I integrate first-party and third-party MCP connectors into a production AI agent for a living. Most MCP servers fail agents in the same ten ways — none of which show up in a spec compliance check. So I wrote the linter I wished server authors had run before shipping.

mcpgrade vs mcp-lint

Different tools, different questions. mcp-lint checks whether your tool schemas parse correctly across clients (Claude, Cursor, OpenAI strict mode, ...) — syntax-level compatibility. mcpgrade measures whether a model can actually use your tools — description quality, naming confusion, token economics, and live LLM tool-selection accuracy. A server can pass mcp-lint cleanly and still score an F here, and vice versa. They compose well: lint for compatibility, grade for usability. Full side-by-side with concrete outputs: docs/comparison.md.

Roadmap

• [x] v0.1 — static lint engine, 24 rules, A–F scoring
• [x] v0.2 — --eval: LLM-powered live testing — synthetic task generation, blind tool selection, argument validation, refusal accuracy, confusion pairs. Calibrated on real servers (methodology); costs ~$0.05–0.2 per server on Haiku. Bring your own ANTHROPIC_API_KEY, or any OpenAI-compatible endpoint via --eval-base-url (DeepSeek, OpenRouter, ...); --eval-mock runs offline. Respects HTTPS_PROXY.
• [x] v0.3 — mcpgrade serve: runs as an MCP server so an agent can grade other servers (allowlisted launchers; the catalog is graded by mcpgrade in CI and must hold an A). Plus envFingerprint on every eval result — catalog hash, model, temperature, prompt version, task policy — so two scores are comparably or visibly incomparable.
• [x] Also shipped: GitHub Action for CI gating, and a public leaderboard of 36 popular servers.
• [ ] v0.4 — the failure taxonomy work, driven by reader feedback: four-outcome scoring, held-out task authoring, silent-vs-observable failures, cross-server collisions, multi-hop evaluation, rule-entailment dedup. Dynamic badges when the scoring model settles.

License

MIT