mldsa44

ML-DSA-44 (FIPS 204) digital signature library.

Built in Rust on ml-dsa, compiled to WASM.

ML-DSA-44 (formerly CRYSTALS-Dilithium) provides NIST Level 2 post-quantum signature security.

Native Rust usage

use mldsa44::*;

let kp = generate_keypair();
let sig = sign(&kp.seed, b"hello");
assert!(verify(&kp.verifying_key, b"hello", &sig));

Install

npm install mldsa44-wasm

Usage

import { Signer, verify } from 'mldsa44-wasm';

//=========== Safe (seed lives inside WASM memory) ===========

// seed is a base64-encoded 32-byte value that deterministically derives the ML-DSA keypair.
// You are responsible for providing it. Store it securely and never expose it!
// The seed stays inside WASM memory and is zeroized when the Signer is freed or garbage collected.
const signer = new Signer(seed);

// Sign a message
const sig = signer.sign(new TextEncoder().encode('hello'));
// seed zeroized when signer is GC'd

// With optional context (per ML-DSA spec)
const sigWithCtx = signer.sign(new TextEncoder().encode('hello'), new TextEncoder().encode('ctx'));

const vk = signer.verifyingKey();

// Verify
const valid = verify(vk, new TextEncoder().encode('hello'), sig);
console.log(valid); // true

//=========== !WARNING! - UNSAFE ===========

// generateKeypair generates a fresh random seed via the system RNG.
// The seed is returned to JS memory.
// You are responsible for zeroizing it after use.
import { generateKeypair, sign } from 'mldsa65-wasm';

// Generate a keypair
const { seed, verifyingKey } = generateKeypair();

// Sign a message (deterministic but unsafe)
const signature = sign(seed, new TextEncoder().encode('hello'));

// Verify
const valid = verify(verifyingKey, new TextEncoder().encode('hello'), signature);
console.log(valid); // true

Memory management: In all modern browsers (and wasm-bindgen ≥ 0.2.91), WASM memory is freed automatically via the TC39 weak references proposal when the JS object goes out of scope.

In practice, you often don't need to think about this. For deterministic cleanup or environments without weak reference support (older browsers, some Node.js setups), use using (TypeScript 5.2+ / ES2026) or call .free() manually.

Never call .free() on a using-managed instance otherwise it will double-free.

Sizes

| Value | Size | |----------------------------|-------------| | Seed (private key) | 32 bytes | | Verifying key (public key) | 1,312 bytes | | Signature | 2,420 bytes |

Security

• Deterministic signing (no randomness at sign time)
• Seed zeroized on drop
• Based on ml-dsa by RustCrypto

License

Dual-licensed under the MIT License or Apache-2.0 License.