nanoviews

A small Direct DOM library for creating user interfaces.

• Small. Between 3.8 and 6.4 kB (minified and brotlied). Zero external dependencies*.
• Direct DOM. Less CPU and memory usage compared to Virtual DOM.
• Designed for best Tree-Shaking: only the code you use is included in your bundle.
• TypeScript-first.

import { signal } from 'nanoviews/store'
import { div, a, img, h1, button, p, mount } from 'nanoviews'

function App() {
  const $counter = signal(0)

  return div()(
    a({ href: 'https://vitejs.dev', target: '_blank' })(
      img({ src: './vite.svg', class: 'logo', alt: 'Vite logo' })
    ),
    a({ href: 'https://github.com/TrigenSoftware/nano_kit', target: '_blank' })(
      img({ src: './nanoviews.svg', class: 'logo nanoviews', alt: 'Nanoviews logo' })
    ),
    h1()('Vite + Nanoviews'),
    div({ class: 'card' })(
      button({
        onClick() {
          $counter($counter() + 1)
        }
      })('count is ', $counter)
    ),
    p({ class: 'read-the-docs' })('Click on the Vite and Nanoviews logos to learn more')
  )
}

mount(App, document.querySelector('#app'))

Install

pnpm add nanoviews
# or
npm i nanoviews
# or
yarn add nanoviews

Reactivity

Nanoviews is using Kida under the hood for reactivity. Kida is a signal library inspired by Nano Stores and was build specially for Nanoviews.

import { signal } from 'nanoviews/store' // or import { signal } from 'kida'
import { fragment, input, p } from 'nanoviews'

const $text = signal('')

fragment(
  input({
    onInput(event) {
      $text(event.target.value)
    }
  }),
  p()($text)
)

Basicly, under the hood, reactivity works something like that:

import { signal, effect } from 'kida'

const $text = signal('')
const textNode = document.createTextNode('')

effect(() => {
  textNode.data = $text()
})

Basic markup

Nanoviews provides a set of methods for creating HTML elements with the specified attributes and children. Every method creates a DOM node.

Child can be an another DOM node, primitive value (string, number, boolean, null or undefined) or signal with primitive. Attributes also can be a primitive value or signal.

import { signal } from 'nanoviews/store'
import { ul, li } from 'nanoviews'

const $boolean = signal(true)
const list = ul({ class: 'list' })(
  li()('String value'),
  li()('Number value', 42),
  li()('Boolean value', $boolean)
)
// `list` is HTMLUListElement instance

mount

mount is a method that mounts the component to the specified container.

import { signal } from 'nanoviews/store'
import { div, h1, p, mount } from 'nanoviews'

function App() {
  return div()(
    h1()('Nanoviews App'),
    p()('Hello World!')
  )
}

mount(App, document.querySelector('#app'))

Effect attributes

Effect attributes are special attributes that can control element's behavior.

$$ref

$$ref is an effect attribute that can provide a reference to the DOM node.

import { signal } from 'nanoviews/store'
import { div, $$ref } from 'nanoviews'

const $ref = signal(null)

div({
  [$$ref]: $ref
})(
  'Target element'
)

$$style

$$style is an effect attribute that manages the style of the element.

import { signal } from 'nanoviews/store'
import { button, $$style } from 'nanoviews'

const $color = signal('white')

button({
  [$$style]: {
    color: $color,
    backgroundColor: 'black'
  }
})(
  'Click me'
)

$$autoFocus

$$autoFocus is an effect attribute that sets the auto focus on the element.

import { input, $$autoFocus } from 'nanoviews'

input({
  type: 'text',
  [$$autoFocus]: true
})

$$value

$$value is an effect attribute that manages the value of text inputs.

import { signal } from 'nanoviews/store'
import { textarea, $$value } from 'nanoviews'

const $review = signal('')

textarea({
  name: 'review',
  [$$value]: $review
})(
  'Write your review here'
)

$$checked

$$checked is an effect attribute that manages the checked state of checkboxes and radio buttons.

import { signal } from 'nanoviews/store'
import { input, $$checked, Indeterminate } from 'nanoviews'

const $checked = signal(false)

input({
  type: 'checkbox',
  [$$checked]: $checked
})

Also you can manage indeterminate state of checkboxes:

$checked(Indeterminate)

$$selected

$$selected is an effect attribute that manages the selected state of select's options.

import { signal } from 'nanoviews/store'
import { select, option, $$selected } from 'nanoviews'

const $selected = signal('mid')

select({
  name: 'player-pos',
  [$$selected]: $selected
})(
  option({
    value: 'carry'
  })('Yatoro'),
  option({
    value: 'mid',
  })('Larl'),
  option({
    value: 'offlane'
  })('Collapse'),
  option({
    value: 'support'
  })('Mira'),
  option({
    value: 'full-support',
  })('Miposhka'),
)

Multiple select:

const $selected = signal(['mid', 'carry'])

select({
  name: 'player-pos',
  [$$selected]: $selected
})(
  option({
    value: 'carry'
  })('Yatoro'),
  option({
    value: 'mid',
  })('Larl'),
  option({
    value: 'offlane'
  })('Collapse'),
  option({
    value: 'support'
  })('Mira'),
  option({
    value: 'full-support',
  })('Miposhka'),
)

$$files

$$files is an effect attribute that can provide the files of file inputs.

import { signal } from 'nanoviews/store'
import { input, $$files } from 'nanoviews'

const $files = signal([])

input({
  type: 'file',
  [$$files]: $files
})

Components

Components are the building blocks of any application. These units are reusable and can be combined to create more complex applications.

Components are functions that return primitive or DOM node:

function MyComponent() {
  return div()('Hello, Nanoviews!')
}

effect

effect is a method that add effects to the component.

import { div, effect } from 'nanoviews'

function MyComponent() {
  effect(() => {
    console.log('Mounted')

    return () => {
      console.log('Unmounted')
    }
  })

  return div()('Hello, Nanoviews!')
}

Also you can use effect with signals:

import { div, effect } from 'nanoviews'

const $timeout = signal(1000)

function MyComponent() {
  let intervalId

  effect(() => {
    intervalId = setInterval(() => {
      console.log('Tick')
    }, $timeout())

    return () => {
      clearInterval(intervalId)
    }
  })

  return div()('Hello, Nanoviews!')
}

$$children

$$children is a method that creates optional children receiver.

import { div, $$children } from 'nanoviews'

function MyComponent(props) {
  return $$children(children => div(props)(
    'My component children: ',
    ...children || ['empty']
  ))
}

MyComponent() // <div>My component children: empty</div>

MyComponent()('Hello, Nanoviews!') // <div>My component children: Hello, Nanoviews!</div>

$$slots

$$slots is a method to receive slots and rest children.

import { main, header, footer, $$slot, $$slots } from 'nanoviews'

function LayoutHeader(text) {
  return $$slot(LayoutHeader, text)
}

function LayoutFooter(text) {
  return $$slot(LayoutFooter, text)
}

function Layout() {
  return $$slots(
    [LayoutHeader, LayoutFooter],
    (headerSlot, footerSlot, children) => main()(
      header()(headerSlot),
      ...children,
      footer()(footerSlot)
    )
  )
}

Layout()(
  LayoutHeader('Header content'),
  LayoutFooter('Footer content'),
  'Main content'
)

Slot's content can be anything, including functions, that can be used to render lists:

import { ul, li, b, $$slot, $$slots, for_ } from 'nanoviews'

function ListItem(renderItem) {
  return $$slot(ListItem, renderItem)
}

function List(items) {
  return $$slots(
    [ListItem],
    (listItemSlot) => ul()(
      for_(items)(
        item => li()(
          listItemSlot(item.name)
        )
      )
    )
  )
}

List([
  { id: 0, name: 'chopper' },
  { id: 1, name: 'magixx' },
  { id: 2, name: 'zont1x' },
  { id: 3, name: 'donk' },
  { id: 4, name: 'sh1ro' },
  { id: 5, name: 'hally' }
])(
  ListItem(name => b()('Player: ', name))
)

context

context is a method that can provide a context to the children.

import { signal } from 'nanoviews/store'
import { div, context, provide, inject } from 'nanoviews'

function ThemeContext() {
  return signal('light') // default value
}

function MyComponent() {
  const $theme = inject(ThemeContext)

  return div()(
    'Current theme: ',
    $theme
  )
}

function App() {
  const $theme = signal('dark')

  return context(
    [provide(ThemeContext, $theme)],
    () => MyComponent()
  )
}

App() // <div>Current theme: dark</div>

[!NOTE] Nanoviews contexts are based on Kida's dependency injection system.

Control flow

if_

if_ is a method that can render different childs based on the condition.

import { signal } from 'nanoviews/store'
import { if_, div, p } from 'nanoviews'

const $show = signal(false)

if_($show)(
  () => div()('Hello, Nanoviews!')
)

const $toggle = signal(false)

if_($toggle)(
  () => p()('Toggle is true'),
  () => div()('Toggle is false')
)

switch_

switch_ is a method like if_ but with multiple conditions.

import { signal } from 'nanoviews/store'
import { switch_, case_, default_, div, p } from 'nanoviews'

const $state = signal('loading')

switch_(state)(
  case_('loading', () => b()('Loading')),
  case_('error', () => b()('Error')),
  default_(() => 'Success')
)

for_

for_ is a method that can iterate over an array to render a fragment of elements.

import { signal, record } from 'nanoviews/store'
import { for_, trackById, ul, li } from 'nanoviews'

const $players = signal([
  { id: 0, name: 'chopper' },
  { id: 1, name: 'magixx' },
  { id: 2, name: 'zont1x' },
  { id: 3, name: 'donk' },
  { id: 4, name: 'sh1ro' },
  { id: 5, name: 'hally' }
])

ul()(
  for_($players, trackById)(
    $player => li()(
      record($player).$name
    )
  )
)

There are exported predefined trackById function to track by id property and trackBy(key) function to create a tracker for specified key.

throw_

throw_ is a helper to throw an error in expressions.

import { ul, $$children, throw_ } from 'nanoviews'

function MyComponent() {
  return $$children((children = throw_(new Error('Children are required'))) => ul()(children))
}

Special methods

fragment

fragment is a method that creates a fragment with the specified children.

import { signal } from 'nanoviews/store'
import { fragment, effect } from 'nanoviews'

function TickTak() {
  const $tick = signal(0)

  effect(() => {
    const id = setInterval(() => {
      $tick($tick() + 1)
    }, 1000)

    return () => clearInterval(id)
  })

  return fragment('Tick tak: ', $tick)
}

dangerouslySetInnerHtml

dangerouslySetInnerHtml is a method that sets the inner HTML of the element. It is used for inserting HTML from a source that may not be trusted.

import { div, dangerouslySetInnerHtml } from 'nanoviews'

dangerouslySetInnerHtml(
  div({ id: 'rendered-md' }),
  '<p>Some text</p>'
)

shadow

shadow is a method that attaches a shadow DOM to the specified element.

import { div, shadow } from 'nanoviews'

shadow(
  div({ id: 'custom-element' }),
  {
    mode: 'open'
  }
)(
  'Nanoviews can shadow DOM!'
)

portal

portal is a method that can render a DOM node in a different place in the DOM.

import { div, portal } from 'nanoviews'

portal(
  () => document.body,
  div()('I am in the body!')
)

Why?

Bundle size

Nanoviews and Kida are small libraries and designed to be tree-shakable. So apps using Nanoviews and Kida can be smaller even than using SolidJS or Svelte!

| Example | Nanoviews | SolidJS | Svelte | | ------- | --------- | ------- | ------ | | Vite Demo | 7.78 kB / gzip: 3.14 kBsource code | 8.93 kB / gzip: 3.73 kBsource code | 23.77 kB / gzip: 9.61 kBsource code | | Weather | + nano_kit22.68 kB / gzip: 8.72 kBsource code | + nanostores30.18 kB / gzip: 11.97 kBsource code | + nanostores45.73 kB / gzip: 18.01 kBsource code |

Performance

Nanoviews is not fastest library: SolidJS and Svelte are faster, but performance is close to them. Anyway, Nanoviews is faster than React 🙂.