searoute-ts

Shortest sea route between any two points on Earth. A TypeScript / JavaScript library for maritime route planning, port-to-port distance, ETA estimation, and shipping-lane visualisation — powered by the 2025 Eurostat maritime network.

npm install searoute-ts

import { seaRoute } from 'searoute-ts';

const route = seaRoute([121.5, 31.0], [4.4, 51.9]);
// Shanghai → Rotterdam → GeoJSON LineString, ~10,664 nm via Suez Canal

Why searoute-ts

• 🚢 Realistic shipping routes, not great-circle lines through Eurasia.
• 🗺️ Returns GeoJSON — drop straight into Leaflet, Mapbox, deck.gl, MapLibre.
• 🌊 2025 Eurostat marnet with explicit Suez, Panama, Bab-el-Mandeb, Malacca, Gibraltar, Dover, Kiel, Corinth, Bering, Magellan, NW/NE Passage labels.
• 🚫 Canal & strait restrictions — force Cape of Good Hope during a Red Sea disruption with one option.
• 📦 Vessel-draft gating — auto-block Panama (15.2 m), Suez (20.1 m), Kiel (7 m), Corinth (7.3 m) when the vessel exceeds the canal limit.
• 🛤️ K-shortest alternatives — seaRouteAlternatives returns the baseline plus up to N realistic alternatives.
• 🧭 Multi-leg waypoints — seaRouteMulti for port rotations and itineraries.
• ⏱️ ETA from speed — speedKnots → durationHours.
• 🛠️ Modern toolchain — TypeScript 5, ESM + CJS dual build, types included, Node 18+, zero peer deps.

Quick examples

Basic — shortest route

import { seaRoute } from 'searoute-ts';

const route = seaRoute([-74.04, 40.69], [-0.13, 51.5]); // NYC → London
// route.properties.length  // ≈ 3 362 nm
// route.properties.units   // 'nauticalmiles'

With ETA and units

seaRoute(shanghai, rotterdam, {
  units: 'kilometers',
  speedKnots: 22,
});
// → 19 753 km, properties.durationHours ≈ 485 h (≈ 20 days)

Red Sea / Suez disruption — force Cape of Good Hope

seaRoute(shanghai, rotterdam, {
  restrictions: ['suez', 'babelmandeb'],
});
// → routes via Cape of Good Hope, ~25 800 km

Vessel-aware — Ultra Large Container Ship

seaRoute(shanghai, newYork, {
  vesselDraftMeters: 16,  // exceeds Panama's 15.2 m TFW
});
// → Panama auto-blocked, route goes via Suez

Multi-leg / port rotation

import { seaRouteMulti } from 'searoute-ts';

seaRouteMulti(
  [shanghai, singapore, mumbai, rotterdam],
  { units: 'kilometers', returnPassages: true },
);
// → one concatenated LineString, total length, union of passages

Alternative routes (Yen-style canal permutation)

import { seaRouteAlternatives } from 'searoute-ts';

const alts = seaRouteAlternatives(shanghai, rotterdam, { k: 4 });
//  baseline           19 753 km via Suez
//  no-malacca         20 759 km
//  no-suez            25 315 km (via Panama)
//  no-suez-no-panama  25 845 km (via Cape of Good Hope)

Output shape

{
  type: 'Feature',
  geometry: { type: 'LineString', coordinates: [[lon, lat], ...] },
  properties: {
    length: number,                    // in `units`, in-water only
    units: 'nauticalmiles' | 'kilometers' | 'miles' | ...,
    bbox: [minLon, minLat, maxLon, maxLat],
    greatCircleLength: number,         // haversine between inputs, same units
    detourRatio: number,               // routeKm / greatCircleKm
    originSnapKm: number,              // input → network distance
    destinationSnapKm: number,
    durationHours?: number,            // if `speedKnots` set
    passages?: ('suez' | 'panama' | ...)[],  // if `returnPassages: true`
  }
}

Full options

seaRoute(origin, destination, {
  units:                   'nauticalmiles',          // any Turf unit
  restrictions:            ['suez', 'babelmandeb'],  // see passage table below
  allowArctic:             false,                    // default — blocks NWP & NEP
  vesselDraftMeters:       15,                       // auto-restrict canals
  speedKnots:              22,                       // → properties.durationHours
  appendOriginDestination: false,                    // prepend/append raw inputs
  returnPassages:          true,                     // populate properties.passages
  maxSnapDistanceKm:       50,                       // SnapFailedError if exceeded
  network:                 customMarnet,             // BYO FeatureCollection
});

Inputs can be [lon, lat] arrays, GeoJSON Feature<Point>, or bare Point objects.

Restrictable passages

The first twelve are natively labelled in the Eurostat marnet (exact match on the feature's pass attribute). The remaining four are detected via bounding boxes.

| Name | Type | Notes | |----------------|----------|------------------------------------| | suez | native | Suez Canal | | panama | native | Panama Canal | | gibraltar | native | Strait of Gibraltar | | babelmandeb | native | Bab-el-Mandeb (babalmandab alias) | | malacca | native | Malacca Strait | | dover | native | Dover Strait | | kiel | native | Kiel Canal | | corinth | native | Corinth Canal | | bering | native | Bering Strait | | magellan | native | Strait of Magellan | | northwest | native | Northwest Passage (blocked by default) | | northeast | native | Northeast Passage (blocked by default) | | bosporus | bbox | Bosphorus | | ormuz | bbox | Strait of Hormuz | | sunda | bbox | Sunda Strait | | cape_horn | bbox | Cape Horn region |

The Northwest and Northeast Passages are mathematically the shortest path for many Asia ↔ Europe routes but are ice-blocked most of the year, so they are blocked by default. Opt in with allowArctic: true.

Validated against industry distances

12 real-world lanes within ±10% of published Searoutes / Sea-Distances figures.

| Lane | searoute-ts | Industry ref. | |-----------------------------------|-------------|---------------| | Shanghai → Rotterdam (Suez) | 19 753 km | ~19 300 km | | Singapore → Rotterdam (Suez) | 15 630 km | ~15 500 km | | Mumbai → Rotterdam (Suez) | 11 918 km | ~11 800 km | | NY → Rotterdam | 6 227 km | ~6 200 km | | NY → LA (Panama) | 9 154 km | ~9 100 km | | Yokohama → LA | 9 145 km | ~8 800 km | | Singapore → LA (trans-Pacific) | 14 364 km | ~14 300 km | | Caldera (CL) → Bahía Blanca (AR) | 4 810 km | ~5 180 km |

All checks pass in the test suite.

Errors

• SnapFailedError — input cannot be projected onto the network within maxSnapDistanceKm. Carries .side: 'origin' | 'destination' and .distanceKm: number.
• NoRouteError — no path exists between the snapped origin and destination (e.g. all viable canals blocked).

API reference

import {
  seaRoute,                  // single shortest route
  seaRouteMulti,             // ordered waypoints (multi-leg)
  seaRouteAlternatives,      // K-shortest alternatives
  CANAL_MAX_DRAFT_M,         // { panama: 15.2, suez: 20.1, kiel: 7, corinth: 7.3 }
  DEFAULT_MARNET,            // bundled FeatureCollection<LineString>
  PASSAGE_BBOXES,            // passage bbox lookup
  clearFinderCache,          // drop the PathFinder cache (tests / hot reload)
  SnapFailedError,
  NoRouteError,
  // types
  type Passage,
  type SeaRouteOptions,
  type SeaRouteFeature,
  type SeaRouteProperties,
  type MarnetNetwork,
  type MarnetProperties,
} from 'searoute-ts';

How it works

A two-page deep-dive (graph data, snapping, Dijkstra, restrictions, antimeridian fix, draft logic, alternatives) is in DOCS.md.

FAQ

Is this for navigation? No. The routes are network paths suitable for visualisation and rough distance/duration estimates, not for piloting ships.

Does it support weather routing? No. For weather-aware routing see VISIR-2.

Why are my Asia→Europe routes going through Bering Strait? They aren't, by default — the Northwest and Northeast Passages are blocked. Pass allowArctic: true to enable them.

Can I use my own network? Yes — seaRoute(origin, destination, { network }). Useful for higher-resolution Eurostat data (5/10/20/50 km), inland waterways, or AIS-derived custom graphs.

Does it handle the Red Sea / Suez crisis? Yes — pass restrictions: ['suez', 'babelmandeb'] to force Cape of Good Hope routing.

Is the great-circle distance correct across the antimeridian? Yes — the marnet has been normalised so the Pacific is a connected graph, and all distances use haversine internally.

What's the bundle size? 329 KB packed / 2.5 MB unpacked on npm. The bundled marnet is the bulk (~1.1 MB JSON per build). Tree-shakeable.

Credits

• Maritime network — Eurostat searoute v3.5 (EUPL-1.2). Oak Ridge National Labs Global Shipping Lane Network enriched with European AIS data.
• Dijkstra — geojson-path-finder@2 by Per Liedman.
• Inspired by searoute-py (Apache-2.0).
• Original JS port — @johnx25bd.
• Geospatial primitives — Turf.js.

License

MIT © Mayur Rawte